摘要：在建筑物内提供采光不是为了健康和视觉舒适，而且对照明的能源效率起着至关重要的作用。然而，在热带地区，过度的阳光辐射和强度已成为提供充足日光的常见问题，因为它们可能导致过热。当地住宅通常采用几种采光策略来提供日光，并避免热辐射和眩光。这些策略通常使用防光线的玻璃窗材料，以及外部和内部的遮阳设备。本文旨在研究热带沿海乡土建筑的采光策略及其在相同气候条件下改善现代住宅采光性能的潜在应用。通过实地调查，研究了热带沿海地区三栋房屋的采光性能。根据建筑、建筑材料、建筑高度和窗户材料有目的地选择样本。同时测量室外和室内光照度。室内测量点位于地面以上0.7米的高度处，采用1米的网格。日光系数和照度水平被用作性能指标。结果表明，抽样房屋在采光方面表现不佳。造成这种状况的原因是窗户尺寸小、使用防射线玻璃以及使用窗帘遮挡了近30%的日光。大开口房间的采光条件较好（20%–40%）。
关键词：气候设计，采光策略，节能，热带沿海地区，窗户的材料
Abstract:The provision of daylighting within a building performs an essential function, not only for health and visual comfort but also for energy efficiency in lighting. In tropical areas, however, excessive sunlight radiation and intensity have become a common problem in providing a sufficient amount of daylight, because they can lead to overheating. Several daylighting strategies are often employed by vernacular houses to provide daylight and to avoid heat radiation and glare. These strategies often use ray-ban glass windows material, as well as external and internal shading devices. This paper aims to investigate daylighting strategies in tropical coastal vernacular buildings and their potential application for improving daylighting performance in modern houses in the same climate. The daylight performance of three houses in a tropical coastal area was investigated via field study. The samples were chosen purposively based on construction, building material, building height and window material. Outdoor and indoor light illuminance were measured simultaneously. Indoor measurement points were placed at a height of 0.7 meter above the floor level, with 1-meter space grids. The daylight factor and illuminance level were used as performance indicators. The results indicate that the sampled houses perform poorly in regard to daylighting. This condition was caused by factors such as small-sized windows, the use of Ray-ban glass combined with the use of curtains that blocked almost 30% of daylight. Better daylighting conditions were observed in rooms with large openings (20%–40%).
Key: Climatic design, Daylighting strategies, Energy efficient, Tropical coastal area, Window’s material
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