摘要：大规模住房计划中，开放空间被认为是公共住房中最大的问题之一，居民的使用也一直是许多领域关注的主要问题，研究重点主要是通过居民/居民或居民/空间之间的关系，分析空间内的居民行为。本研究中的开放空间通过构成它的建筑物与使用它的居民之间的连接，构成了大型屋苑的结构空间。当今大规模住房计划主要存在的各种不足之处是无法促进成功的开放空间，这主要反映在其使用模式上，由此产生了废弃、荒废和退化的空间，说明在空间平面设计上或存在问题。基于以上事实，本文围绕在比斯克拉（阿尔及利亚）市的1000个集体住房单元中使用开放式公共空间，提供各种开放空间形式;了解空间配置和场地组织如何影响居民使用空间的方式，研究基于这样的假设：在大规模住房中使用开放式公共空间与空间配置产生的视野密切相关。分析过程借鉴了两种方法：原位观察，探索为什么在邻域中，某些部分被人们比其他部分更多地被占用和更受青睐，在人数统计和空间使用方面映射行为映射技术，将对象分为三个年龄组（儿童，成人，老年人）；为进一步寻找可见性和空间使用之间的联系，进行语法分析以使用Depthmap软件分析可见性属性。这项研究的结果表明，大众住房的视觉因素，建筑物布置和场地组织对其开放空间的使用和质量产生了重大影响。
关键词：开放空间，质量住房，空间构成，可见性，空间使用，空间配置
Abstract: Open spaces provided in mass housing schemes is considered as one of largest issues in public mass housing, and their use by the inhabitants has been a concern and a topic of interest of many fields, where the focus is on inhabitant behavior in space according to either inhabitant/inhabitant or inhabitant/space relation. This open space constitutes a structuring space for the large housing estates, by the ties that connect between the buildings that compose it and the inhabitants who use it. Amongst the various deficiencies that mass housing schemes particular present today is the inability of promoting successful open spaces, which is mainly reflected by patterns of their use, therefore produce an abandoned, deserted, and degraded spaces, this is generally an indication that something is wrong with their layout design, in this regard, this paper revolves around the use of open public space in the 1000 collective housing units in the city of Biskra (Algeria), which provides a variety of open spaces forms, hence; to know how the spatial configuration and the site organization affect the way spaces are used by the inhabitants, based on the hypothesis that the use of open public spaces in mass housing is intimately linked to the visual fields produced by the spatial configuration. The analysis process draws on two methods, an observation in-situ to explore why in the neighbourhood, some parts are more occupied and more preferred by people than others, using the technique of behavioural mapping, i.e. people counting and spatial use mapping, taking into consideration three age groups (children, adults, elderly), further to look for links between visibility and spatial use, a syntactic analysis is carried out to analyze visibility properties using Depthmap software. The results of this study indicate that the visual factor, the buildings arrangements, and the site organization in the mass housing substantially affect the use and the quality of their open spaces.
Key: Open space, Mass housing, Space syntax, Visibility, Spatial use, Spatial configuration
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