摘要：城市生态系统服务（ESs）可以缓和城市中许多常见的环境问题，这些问题是由城市化中心的土地利用变化引起的。然而，对不同城市规模的ES供应历史变化的定量知识是有限的。在这项研究中，建议识别ESs，特别是由城市绿地（UGS）产生的ESs，并量化其在韩国首尔市南部区域尺度上的时空变化。首先检测景观格局的变化，然后选择一个ES指标——碳固存（CS）作为测试案例，并使用生态系统服务综合评估和权衡（InVEST）模型探索其空间格局。从1975年到2015年，总潜在CS下降了41.2%，景观指标表明，城市地区的景观发生了损失和破碎，斑块变得更小，形状更简单。此外，城市森林和农业面积的大幅减少是碳硫流失的主要原因。另一方面，草原面积增加120%在一定程度上抵消了这两个因素。希望这些结果将有助于认识到历史进程的潜力，为未来有关绿色基础设施和土地利用规划的政策决策提供信息。
关键词：社会生态系统服务、景观格局、绿色基础设施、历史变迁、投资模式
Abstract:Urban ecosystem services (ESs) can moderate many common environmental issues in cities that are caused by the land use transformation central to urbanization. However, quantitative knowledge of historical changes in ES provisioning at various urban scales is limited. In this research, it is proposed to identify ESs, especially those generated by urban green space (UGS), and quantify their spatiotemporal variations at the regional scale in the southern part of Seoul City, Korea. Changes are first detected in landscape patterns, then one ES indicator — carbon sequestration (CS) — is chosen as a test case, and its spatial pattern explored using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model. Total potential CS decreased by 41.2% from 1975 to 2015, with loss and fragmentation of landscapes occurring and patches becoming smaller and simpler in shape in the urban area, as indicated by landscape metrics. Moreover, strong decreases in urban forest and agricultural areas were the primary causes of loss of CS. On the other hand, a 120% increase in the grassland area somewhat offset these two factors. It is hoped that these results will contribute to cognizance of the potential of historical processes to inform future policy decisions related to green infrastructure and land-use planning.
Key:Social-Ecosystem Services, Landscape Pattern, Green Infrastructure, Historical Changes, Invest Model
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