摘要：深圳是一个工作和生活节奏非常快的中国城市。因为那里的人们经常处于高压力下，健身和运动对他们的健康有很大的好处。为了研究居民健身、体育活动与社区环境的相关性，在查阅健身行为与社区环境相关文献的基础上，设计问卷，并于2016年对深圳市595名居民进行调查。这项调查涉及受试者的人口统计信息、他们的健康状况和体育活动以及对城市社区体育空间的满意度。通过交叉列表对问卷数据进行分析，发现了人们喜欢在哪里做运动以及如何做运动的模式。慢跑和散步是最受欢迎的个人活动，首选的地方是邻里花园、城市广场和公园。最受欢迎的团体运动是羽毛球、乒乓球和网球，首选地点是专业健身俱乐部、城市广场或公园。性别差异在很大程度上决定了运动的选择。男性倾向于单独骑车或跑步，并作为一个团队进行球类运动。女性喜欢单独做瑜珈或八段锦，并以团队的形式跳方块舞。影响运动场所满意度的因素依次为：可达性、新鲜空气和清洁环境以及低成本。当地人对改善娱乐环境的主要要求是提供更多种类的体育设施和场地以及更好地维护和管理体育设施。提出了改善社区体育环境的城市设计策略。
关键词：健身体育、休闲娱乐、社区环境、空间规划设计、问卷调查
Abstract:Shenzhen is a Chinese city with a very fast-paced work and life environment. Because people there are often under high pressure, fitness and sports have great benefits for their health. In order to study the correlation between inhabitants’fitness and sports activities and the community environment, a questionnaire is designed based upon a review of the literature on fitness behavior and the community environment, and then 595 inhabitants of Shenzhen are surveyed in 2016. The survey involved the demographic information of the subjects, their fitness and sports activities, and the satisfaction of spaces for sports in urban communities. Through analysis of the questionnaire data by cross tabulation, patterns of how and where people like to do exercise have been found. Jogging and walking are the most popular individual activities, where the preferred places are neighborhood gardens, urban squares and parks. The most popular team sports are badminton, table tennis and tennis, where the preferred places are professional fitness clubs, urban squares or parks. Gender differences significantly determine the choice of sport. Males tend to cycle or run individually, and to play ball games as a team. Females prefer to do yoga or eight section brocade individually, and square dance as a team. The factors influencing the satisfaction of places for exercise are ordered as follows: accessibility, fresh air and a clean environment, and low cost. The main requests from locals for the improvement of the recreation environment are the supply of more kinds of sports facilities and fields and better maintenance and management of sports facilities. Some urban design strategies for enhancing the community’s sports environment are recommended.
Key:Fitness Sports, Recreation, Community Environment, Spatial Planning and Design, Questionnaire Survey
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