摘要：阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）已着手实施一项雄心勃勃的国家建设计划——建造改变该国的景观。阿布扎比和迪拜的现代建筑促成了阿联酋第三大城市的国际化的都市生活方式，而Al-Ain则为文艺复兴时期的Andrea Palladio豪宅营造了一种轻松的绿洲/别墅体验。最近的住宅开发项目分布在城市的山区，包括大约11,000个大型地中海风格的别墅，这些别墅拥有广泛的绿化景观和沙漠中的人工运河。人们还会效仿伊斯兰/阿拉伯富丽堂皇的建筑群（如西班牙的阿尔罕布拉宫）。如此一来，水资源的稀缺以及对西方/文艺复兴风格的景观的爱好，时刻考验着沙漠中城市的可持续性概念环境。我们根据稀缺水资源的限制来考察艾因市的城市扩张。作为案例研究，我们研究了艾因中部绿洲区域的用水需求，并使用二维水动力有限元地表水模型系统（FESWMS）模拟了法拉吉复杂河道系统的流动条件。重新复兴了早期的方法：如将自然融入城市，绿色基础设施等，这些理念构成了可持续城市化的基础。提高对传统景观重要性的认识并恢复法拉吉河的灌溉系统，如此可以在高档地中海风格别墅的社会需求与保留阿联酋文化价值观和传统两者之间实现融合。我们的研究提供了另一种景观模式，阿联酋的可持续性设计和建筑法规指南来开发喷灌系统和建议灌溉的草坪。
关键词：沙漠城市，绿色基础设施，水资源短缺，城市扩张，可持续发展，阿布扎比
Abstract: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has embarked on an ambitious plan of nation-building transforming the landscape of the country. Whereas Abu Dhabi and Dubai with their modern architecture promote an international urban lifestyle, the third largest city in UAE, Al-Ain offers a relaxed, Oasis/villa experience a form of revival to Andrea Palladio's mansions during the Renaissance era. Recent housing developments segregate around the city's mountain, and consist of about 11,000 large Mediterranean-styled villas with extensive green landscaping and an artificial canal in the desert. Although these developments are not culturally foreign, since they emulate decisions of Islamic/Arab palatial complexes such as Alhambra in Spain the scarcity of water resources and the growing interest in Western/Renaissance-styled landscaping question the notion of sustainability of a city in a desert environment. We examine urban expansion of Al Ain city in light of the constraints imposed by scarce water resources. As a case study, we investigate the water requirements for the central oasis area in Al Ain and simulate the flow condition in the falaj complex channel system using the 2D hydrodynamic Finite Element Surface Water Modelling System (FESWMS). Today reviving ideas such as integration of nature into cities, green infrastructure constitutes the fundamentals of sustainable urbanism. Developing awareness of the importance of traditional landscape and reviving the falaj irrigation system offers a hybridization between societal needs for upscale Mediterranean styled villas and retention of Emirati cultural values and traditions. Our study offers alternative landscapes to open lawns irrigated by sprinkler systems and recommendations in line with the Estidama guidelines—the UAE's Sustainability Design and Construction regulations guidelines.
Key: Desert cities, Green infrastructure, Water scarcity, Urban sprawl, Sustainability, Abu Dhabi
全文: DOI