关键词：居民参与，社会住房，降低社会脆弱性，弹性社区，租赁期限限制，利己主义
摘 要：社区参与是一个社区健康环境和可持续发展的基础。社会住房可以为没有自己住房的人和贫困群体提供更安全的居住和工作条件,从而实现住房正义,减少社会脆弱性。在社区管理方面,居民对社区事务的参与可以极大地减轻随后的环境维护和社区管理的负担,从而鼓励社区内的居民积极传承维护的习惯,共同创建有韧性和可持续性的社区。 然而,台湾社会住房政策中的租期限制规定普通租户最高只能租房6年,特定条件租户最高只能租房12年。
本研究试图了解租赁期限制是否影响居民参与社区事务的意愿。此外,我们还试图找出在租赁期限限制存在的情况下,如何激励居民参与社区建设。本研究范围集中于大台北地区(包括台北市和新台北市)有资格租用社会住房的市民。我们为目标受众设计了问卷,检验了其信度和效度,并随机抽取样本完成问卷。
从利己主义的角度分析,我们发现,本研究的结果显示,居民并不普遍回避参与社区事务。虽然租赁期限限制确实对居民的参与意愿产生了一定的影响,但由于安全和环境质量问题对居民的生活有直接影响,他们仍然愿意参与。然而,居民的主要考虑是参与的时间如何影响自己的时间。此外,尽管在决定是否参与时,大量的返还福利并不是主要考虑因素,但确实有效地提升了居民的意愿。此外,社区成员关系与他们的参与意愿呈正相关。
Abstract:Community participation is the foundation of a community’s healthy environment and sustainable development. Social housing can provide people without their own homes and underprivileged groups with more secure conditions to live and work and thereby realize housing justice and reduce social vulnerability. In terms of community management, residents’ engagement in community affairs can dramatically reduce the subsequent burden of environmental maintenance and community management, which encourage residents in the community to actively pass on the habit of maintenance and to collectively create resilient and sustainable communities. However, lease term restrictions in Taiwan’s social housing policy stipulates that ordinary tenants can only rent the house for 6 years at a maximum and tenants with special conditions for 12. This study attempts to understand whether lease term restrictions affect residents’ willingness to participate in community affairs. In addition, we also try to find out how to motivate residents to participate in community construction under the existence of lease term restrictions. The scope of this study focuses on citizens who qualified to rent social housing in the Greater Taipei area (including Taipei City and New Taipei). We designed a questionnaire for our target audience, tested its reliability and validity and picked random-selected samples to finish the questionnaire. Analyzing from the perspective of Egoism, we find out that the result of this research shows that residents do not commonly avoid participation in community affairs. Although lease term restrictions do have some effects on residents' willingness to participate, they are still willing to participate since issues of safety and environmental quality have a direct impact on their lives. However, the residents’ chief consideration is how time spent in participation affects one’s time. Also, though substantial returning benefit is not the main consideration when deciding whether to participate, it does effectively boost residents’ willingness. Furthermore, community member relations is found to have a positive correlation with their willingness to participate.
Key: Residents' participation, Social housing, Reduce social vulnerability, Resilient communities, Lease term restrictions, Egoism
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