关键词：新冠病毒打流向、公民行为、公民合作、社会距离限制、粘附性
摘 要：为了应对新冠疫情的爆发，世界各国对本国公民实施了各种限制，以阻止其传播。这些政策取得成功的一个基本方面是人们对流行病的适应以及他们与城市管理部门的不断合作以坚持预防措施。否则，各国的发病率和死亡率不会下降。自9月初以来，伊朗发生的情况以及疫情的突然上升，使该国在10月和11月每日报告的新冠病毒（按人口比例）死亡人数中名列前茅。因此，本研究将重点关注两个重要的伊朗大都市（德黑兰和卡拉吉），以了解：1）公民在遵守新冠病毒相关预防措施方面的合作程度如何？2） 与疫情爆发初期相比，市民的预防行为水平有何变化？3） 在这一时期，公民的个人和社会经济特征与他们的合作水平之间是否存在相关关系？这项横断面研究基于在线调查（由居住在德黑兰和卡拉季的普通公民完成 667 份在线问卷）。调查结果显示，有 30.3% 的人参与了所有预防措施的实施，其中女性、高收入群体、失业者和没有新冠病毒感染史的人的比值比高于其他人。在公民的行为方面，21%的人降低了在该领域的合作水平，这与其个人和社会经济特征（居住城市除外）有关。
Abstract:In response to the Covid-19 outbreak, nations worldwide imposed various restrictions on their citizens in an attempt to stem its spread. One underlying aspect of the success of these policies is people's adaptation to epidemics and their continuous cooperation with urban management to adhere to precautionary measures. Otherwise, the disease incidence and death rates in the countries will not decrease. The situation that has occurred in Iran since the beginning of September and a sudden rise has put this country at the top of the daily reported deaths of Covid-19 (in proportion to the population) in October and November. Thus, this study will focus on two important Iranian metropolises (Tehran and Karaj) to understand: 1) What is the level of citizens’ cooperation in complying with Covid-19-related precautionary measures? 2) How has the level of citizens' precautionary behaviors changed compared to the early days of the outbreak? 3) Is there a correlative relationship between citizens' personal and socioeconomic characteristics and their level of cooperation in this period? This cross-sectional study is based on online surveys (completion of 667 online questionnaires by ordinary citizens living in Tehran and Karaj). Findings show the participation of 30.3% in implementing all precautionary measures, with women, high-income groups, unemployed people, and those without a history of Covid-19 infection having a higher odds ratio than others. In terms of citizens' behavior, 21% have reduced their level of cooperation in this area, which is correlated with their personal and socioeconomic characteristics (except their city of residence).
Key:Covid-19 Pandemic, Citizen Behavior, Citizen Cooperation, Social Distancing Restrictions, Adherence
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