关键词：新冠病毒、大流行、地点访问、城市空间、传染病
摘 要：传染病的传播是一个空间过程，包括2019年的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。新冠病毒的集群感染在全球不同的城市空间出现，这意味着需要一种空间方法来跟踪传播以了解疾病的动态。在这项研究中，我们在韩国首尔都会区进行了一项在线调查，以研究新冠病毒时代城市空间使用的变化以及影响个人选择使用城市空间的因素。根据之前的研究，我们将各种城市空间分为三种活动类型：强制活动空间、维护活动空间和自由活动空间。结果表明，与新冠疫情爆发前相比，每种类型的城市空间的访问量都有所减少。使用空间进行强制性活动所涉及的因素包括对线下消费的偏好、性别和对新冠病毒的风险感知。对于非强制性活动空间，通常影响空间使用的因素包括遵守社交距离规定、偏好离线消费、避免户外活动、对新冠病毒的风险感知以及对新冠病毒相关城市安全的感知。本研究意义重大，因为它不仅确定了影响强制性和非强制性活动空间选择的不同因素，还确定了决定维护活动和自由活动城市空间选择的独特变量。通过分析，本研究得出了在城市空间背景下有效预防和控制传染病的政策含义。
Abstract:The spread of infectious diseases is a spatial process, including Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cluster infections of COVID-19 have arisen globally in various urban spaces, implying that tracking the spread necessitates a spatial approach to understanding the dynamics of the disease. In this study, we employ an online survey in the Seoul metropolitan area in South Korea to examine changes in the use of urban spaces and factors that affect individual’s choice in using urban spaces in the COVID-19 era. We classify various urban spaces into three activity types according to the previous studies: spaces for mandatory activities, maintenance activities, and discretionary activities. The results show that every type of urban space is visited less than before the COVID-19 outbreak. Factors involved in the use of spaces for mandatory activities include the preference for offline consumption, gender, and risk perception of COVID-19. In the case of non-mandatory activity spaces, factors that commonly influence the use of the spaces are compliance with social distancing regulations, preference for offline consumption, refraining from outdoor activities, risk perception of COVID-19, and perceived safety in the city concerning COVID-19. The present study is significant as it identified not only different factors affecting the choice of mandatory and non-mandatory activity spaces but also distinctive variables determining the choice of urban spaces for maintenance activity and discretionary activity. From the analysis, this study draws policy implications to effectively prevent and control infectious disease in the context of urban spaces.
Key:COVID-19, Pandemic, Place visits, Urban space, Infectious disease
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