关键词：适应性建筑，热带沿海地区，乡土住宅，可持续材料，热性能，Bajo住宅
摘 要：住宅从传统到现代的设计转变,不仅是个人对现代居住的偏好和对新空间的需求,也是建筑材料可用性和耐久性的驱动。建筑材料的变化,特别是屋顶的变化,将改变建筑内部的热状况。本研究比较了热带沿海地区阻性和反射性建筑材料的热工性能。对位于印度尼西亚中部苏拉威西省沿海地区的两栋民居的室内和室外热状况进行了实证研究。样本房屋为传统的架空地板房屋,呈现两种不同类型的屋面材料,即弧垂茅屋盖(电阻材料)和波纹锌片屋盖(反射材料)。结果表明,电阻材料比反射材料在控制内部条件方面更具优势。这种状态是由于其多孔的材料特性,可以向房屋提供较低的空气温度,并向外界环境释放空气湿度。
Abstract: A design shift of houses from traditional to modern is not only driven by personal preferences about modern living and the need for new spaces, but also about the availability and durability of building materials. Changes in building materials, especially on the roof, will modify the thermal conditions in the interior of the building. This study compared the thermal performance of resistive and reflective building materials in tropical coastal areas. An empirical study was carried out to measure external and internal thermal conditions in two vernacular houses located in the coastal area of Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The sample houses were traditional raised floor houses which present two different types of roofing material, namely sago thatch roof (resistive material) and corrugated zinc sheet roof (reflective material). The outcomes indicated that the resistive material has more advantages in controlling the internal conditions than the reflective material. This state is due to its porous material characteristics which can supply a low air temperature to the house and release air humidity to the external environment.
Key: Adaptive building, Tropical coastal area, Vernacular house, Sustainable material, Thermal performance, Bajo house
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