关键词：城市社会可持续性，生态城市，可持续邻里关系，可持续城市设计，社区意识
摘 要：一般来说,城市社会可持续性在建成环境学科中几乎没有得到认可。为了理解可持续城市设计的社会层面,需要了解城市规划的特点,并考虑到当地社区的参与。文章重点探讨了激烈的可持续城市转型对东亚和欧洲本土的影响。比较研究的基础是对东北亚(中国青岛的生态城市‘中德生态园’和韩国Seongnam的‘庞约’)和欧洲(德国Freiburg的可持续街区‘Vauban’和瑞典斯德哥尔摩的‘Hammarby Sjöstad’)四个大规模城市可持续案例的研究。研究的重点是可持续城市设计与城市社会可持续性方面的联系和相互作用。该文件旨在通过调查欧洲和东北亚如何阐述和体现可持续城市发展,揭示生态城市/可持续社区项目的社会层面。最后的研究成果包括确定可持续的城市设计要素(如社区中心、广场、公园和绿地等)和政策(如经济适用房、公共交通、住房类型多样化等),以加强"城市社会可持续性"。结论性分析为处于可持续转型过程中的城市提供了灵感来源和潜在的政策导向。
Abstract: In general, urban social sustainability has received little recognition in built environment disciplines. To comprehend the social dimensions of sustainable urban design, an understanding of urban planning features is required which takes into consideration the engagement of the local community. The article focuses on the impact that intense sustainable urban transformation has on localities in East Asia and Europe. The comparative research is based on a study of four large-scale urban sustainable cases in Northeast Asia (eco-cities “Sino-German Ecopark” in Qingdao, China; and “Pangyo” in Seongnam, Korea) and Europe (sustainable neighbourhoods “Vauban” in Freiburg, Germany; and “Hammarby Sjöstad” in Stockholm, Sweden). The research focuses on the connections and interactions between sustainable urban design and aspects of urban social sustainability. The paper represents an effort to unravel the social dimensions of eco-cities / sustainable neighbourhood projects by investigating how sustainable urban development is articulated and manifested in Europe and Northeast Asia. The final research output consists of the identification of sustainable urban design elements (e.g. community centres, plazas, parks and green zones, etc.) and policies (e.g. affordable housing accessible, public transportation, diversity of housing typologies, etc.) that could enforce the “urban social sustainability”. The conclusive analysis offers a source of inspiration and potential policy orientations for cities that are in the process of sustainable transformation.
Key: Urban Social Sustainability, Eco-City, Sustainable Neighbourhood, Sustainable urban design, Sense of Community
全文: DOI