关键词：城市通风廊道规划，城市热环境，计算流体动力学，地理加权回归，遥感，城市空气污染
摘 要：人们对寻找主要侧重于城市景观机制的城市热岛和城市污染岛的缓解措施越来越感兴趣。然而,同时考虑环境系统内在属性的空间非平稳性和时间非平稳性的研究相对较少。同时,热环境与空气污染的关联性和差异性也鲜有讨论,这两个问题对城市规划都具有重要意义。本研究以改善城市通风,减少城市热岛和城市污染岛效应为目的,综合运用城市通风潜力评价、地面温度时间序列聚类和空气污染源识别等方法,对襄阳市的运营区域、补偿区域和通风廊道进行识别,从而弥合学术研究与城市规划的差距。具体研究内容包括：( 1 )基于城市形态指标的城市通风潜力评价、基于k - means的地表温度时间序列聚类和基于拉格朗日综合轨迹(HYSPLIT)和地理加权回归(GWR)的城市大气污染源扩散分析的城市空气污染源扩散分析,确定城市通风廊道规划的可操作区域；( 2 )基于地表温度识别城市冷岛,划定城市通风廊道规划的补偿区域；( 3 )基于城市通风潜力评价和计算流体力学( CFD ),确定城市通风廊道；( 4 )基于可操作区域,完善城市通风廊道规划。补偿区域和通风廊道以及提出相应的控制措施。
Abstract: There has been a growing interest in finding mitigation measures for urban heat islands and urban pollution islands that focus mainly on urban landscape mechanisms. However, relatively little research has considered spatial non-stationarity and temporal non-stationarity, which are both intrinsic properties of the environmental system, simultaneously. At the same time, the relevance of and differences between the thermal environment and air pollution has also been rarely discussed, and both issues are of great importance to urban planning. In this study, which is aimed at improving urban ventilation to reduce the urban heat island and urban pollution island effects, an urban ventilation potential evaluation, land surface temperature time-series clustering and air pollution source identification are comprehensively applied to identify the operational areas, compensation areas and ventilation corridors in Xiangyang, China, thus bridging the gap between academic research and urban planning. The specific research areas include: (1) defining the operational areas for urban ventilation corridor planning through an urban ventilation potential evaluation featuring urban morphology indicators, land surface temperature time-series clustering with k-means and an urban air pollution source diffusion analysis via the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) methods; (2) identifying urban cold islands through land surface temperatures and delimiting the compensation areas in urban ventilation corridor planning; (3) designating urban ventilation corridors through an urban ventilation potential evaluation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD); and (4) improving urban ventilation corridor planning through defining operational areas, compensation areas and ventilation corridors as well as proposing corresponding control measures.
Key: Urban Ventilation Corridors Planning, Urban Thermal Environment, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Geographically Weighted Regression, Remote Sensing, Urban Air Pollution
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