关键词：传统土地，曼谷，管理，参与性，可持续性
摘 要：与土地管理制度相关联的习惯土地保有权通过研究开始受到关注。最近的一项研究探讨了土地释放的实践, 以深入了解支持传统土地权利转变的力量。然而,很少有研究涉及协商和适应习惯土地保有权的能力。这项研究填补了这一空白,特别是将曼谷土地用作村级自有土地,并探讨了驱动因德罗基洛分村习惯土地经营权变化的知识。数据是通过调查和访谈收集的,这些调查和访谈对象是曼谷的土地使用者和主要行为者。研究结果表明,班科克巴彦村的土地经营权向农民集体权利的转变受到四个条件的影响,即村官空缺(巴彦)、农村土地租赁制度、卫生方案社会化、居民参与。农民群体的愿望由村政府以村长令和地租补偿条款的形式来容纳。农民、农民群体和村政府的适应表现为坎当卡瓦桑(牛栏)、牛栏与房屋分离以及曼谷土地租赁制度等土地利用安排形式。为了城郊地区的可持续发展,改变曼谷土地经营权以实现社区利益,需要通过区域法规的法律强化,以承认农民群体的存在,促进正义,减少贫困。
Abstract: Customary land tenure associated with land administration systems have begun to receive attention through research. A recent study discusses the practice of land release to gain insight into the forces that underpin transformation of customary land rights. However, few studies address the ability to negotiate and adapt to customary land tenure. This study fills this gap, especially the utilisation of Bengkok land as village-owned land and explores the knowledge that drives changes in customary land management rights in Indrokilo sub-village. Data were collected through surveys and interviews addressed to respondents as Bengkok land users and key actors. The results of the study indicate that the change in Bengkok Bayan’s land management rights to collective rights of farmer groups has been affected by four conditions, namely: the vacancy of the village official (Bayan), the village land leasing system, sanitation programme socialisation, and resident participation. The aspirations of the farmer groups are accommodated by the village government in the form of a village head's decree and the terms of land rent compensation. Adaptation of farmers, farmer groups and village government is manifested in the form of land use arrangements as Kandang kawasan (cattle pen), separation of cattle pens and houses, as well as Bengkok land rental systems. Changing the Bengkok land management rights for communal interests requires legal strengthening through regional regulations in order to recognise the existence of farmer groups, promote justice, and reduce poverty for the sustainability of suburban area development.
Key: Customary Land, Bengkok, Management, Participatory, Sustainability
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