关键词：洪水，潮汐洪水，沿海社区，空间评估，脆弱性评估，生计脆弱性指数
摘 要：洪水和潮汐洪水等与气候有关的灾害影响到各地沿海地区特别是发展中国家的生计系统,造成一定程度的生计脆弱性。本文研究了印度尼西亚爪哇中部城市Tegal的空间暴露和生计脆弱性水平。数据采自研究区分布的100个家庭样本。进行了两类评估：基于距离分析的空间评估和基于生计脆弱性指数( LVI )的脆弱性评估。研究结果表明,33.80 %的定居区和22.25 %的渔业区易受潮汐洪水影响。与气候相关的灾害也威胁到32.20 %的被调查家庭,其成员大多以渔民身份工作,依靠海岸资源谋生。这项研究的一个关键发现是,社区非常脆弱,适应能力水平很低。这就要求采取更果断的政策干预,以增强社区的适应能力,降低其暴露水平。
Abstract: Climate-related disasters such as floods and tidal floods impact livelihood systems in coastal areas everywhere, particularly in developing countries, resulting in a certain degree of livelihood vulnerability. In this paper, we examine the spatial exposure and livelihood vulnerability level of Tegal, a city in Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected from 100 household samples distributed in the study area. Two types of assessment were performed: a spatial assessment with distance analysis and a vulnerability assessment using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). The results of the study show that 33.80% of the settlement area and 22.25% of the fishery area are vulnerable to tidal floods. Climate-related disasters also threaten 32.20% of the households sampled, whose members work mostly as fishermen and rely on coastal resources for their livelihood. A key finding of the study is that the community is highly vulnerable with a low adaptive capacity level. This calls for more decisive policy interventions to enhance the community’s adaptive capacity and reduce its exposure level.
Key: Floods, Tidal Floods, Coastal Community, Spatial Assessment, Vulnerability Assessment, Livelihood Vulnerability Index
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