关键词：四合院，炎热干燥的气候，居住者满意度，感知，调查
摘 要：在古老的传统房屋中，内部中央庭院是房屋的焦点。大部分房间都与庭院直接相连。私密性是庭院的口号，通过最大化内部关系和开放来表达，同时隔绝了外部。除了作为家庭聚会空间的社会文化作用外，庭院还提供了阴凉的日光、气流和房屋内部的热舒适，这些因素或多或少的有助于创造白天舒适的生活条件和晚上的睡眠条件。本研究的主要目的是调查在M’chouneche绿洲带中央庭院的传统住宅中，庭院的社会环境质量对居住者满意度的影响，以及对其感知行为的影响。调查采用数据收集的方法。调查问卷是研究人员以面对面的方式与18名住户进行交流的工具。后者住在这些传统的房子里。收集数据的分析主要基于描述性统计和推理统计，使用STATISTICA软件进行。研究结果揭示了院落所扮演的社会文化和组织角色对使用者满意度水平的影响。综上所述，M 'chouneche传统四合院的设计是基于社会文化背景下的气候需求，以便为居民提供身体和心理上的舒适。
Abstract:In the old traditional houses, the inner central courtyard was the focal point of the house. Most of the rooms, if not all of them, are directly connected to the courtyard. Privacy is the watchword for the courtyard as expressed by maximizing interior relationships and openness, while excluding the exterior. In addition to its socio-cultural role as family gathering spaces, the courtyard provides daylight from the shade, airflow and thermal comfort inside the rooms of the house, factors that help to create more or less comfortable living conditions during the day and sleeping conditions at night. The main objective of this research is to investigate the impact of the courtyard’s socio environment quality on the degree of the occupant satisfaction as well as on their perceptual behaviour in traditional houses with central courtyards in the oasis of M'chouneche. The survey has been used as a method for data collection. A questionnaire was the tool addressed by the researcher in a face to-face mode with 18 householders. These latter lived in these traditional houses. The analysis of the collected data was undertaken by using STATISTICA software and mainly based on descriptive and inferential statistics. The results illustrate the influence of the socio-cultural and organizational role that the courtyard plays on the level of user satisfaction. As conclusion, M’chouneche traditional courtyard houses were designed founded on a considerable interest to climatic requirements in their socio-cultural context, in order to provide both physical and psychological comforts for residents.
Key:Courtyard house, Hot arid climate, Occupant's satisfaction, Perception, Survey
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