关键词：半结构化访谈、语义网络分析、感知、关键词频率和集中度、Upo Ramsar湿地、环境管理
摘 要：生态敏感的环境需妥善管理，特别是在生态系统和社会在水文上有联系的地方。然而，如果对特定的指定区域实施一维监管，则跟踪湿地保护区内和周围每个人对环境的行为可能是一项挑战。尽管湿地与周围环境有水文联系，但只有特定的湿地或指定保护的开放水域受到严格监管。同时，不同村庄的居民所接触到的生态系统服务的质量和数量也因其居住地的不同而不同。本研究观察了Upo湿地(Ramsar湿地，韩国国家级湿地保护区)社区居民如何根据水流入、流经和流出湿地保护区的居住位置，对基本景观成分进行不同的感知和识别。对每位参与者进行了半结构化访谈，以了解当地居民的看法。在访谈后使用语义网络分析来识别从每次访谈中获得的突出关键字和关键字组。结果表明，基于每个居民所属的村庄，人们对景观组成部分的看法发生了转变，而决策者在地图上统一理解了景观组成部分，如农业用地、河流和溪流。研究结果显示，居住在Upo湿地上游的居民对基本景观要素的不同认知较少关注水质，而对人为活动更感兴趣。相反，下游居民对水体退化的关注程度较高，对人为活动的兴趣较低。
Abstract:Properly manage ecologically sensitive environments, especially where ecosystems and societies are hydrologically connected. However, keeping track of everyone's behaviour toward the environment within and around wetland protected areas can be challenging where one-dimensional regulation is applied to specific designated areas. Despite hydrological connections of wetland with the surrounding environment, only specific wetland or open-water areas designated for protection are strictly regulated. At the same time, residents of different villages are exposed to different quality and quantity of ecosystem services depending on the location of their residences. This study observed how local residents of the Upo Wetland (Ramsar, a national wetland protected area of Korea) community perceived and identified fundamental landscape components differently depending on the residence location where water flows in, through and out of the wetland protected area. A semi-structured interview was conducted for each participant to understand the local residents' perceptions. Semantic Network Analysis was used after the interviews to identify outstanding keywords and keyword groups derived from each interview. The results demonstrated a shift in perceptions toward landscape components based on the villages each resident belonged to, whereas landscape components, such as agricultural land, rivers and streams, were understood uniformly by decision-makers on a map. Visualising and understanding different perceptions towards fundamental landscape components revealed that residents residing at the upper stream of Upo wetland cared less about the water quality and were more interested in human-induced activities. In contrast, residents of the lower stream of Upo wetland expressed greater concerns about the degradation of water and were less interested in human-induced activities.
Key: Semi-constructed Interview, Semantic Network Analysis, Perception, Keyword Frequency and Centrality, Upo Ramsar Wetland, Environmental Management
全文: DOI