关键词：Tosora城市，空间，历史，文化，遗产
摘 要：在15世纪至20世纪之间，Tosora是Wajo王国的一个小城市。在其发展过程中，Tosora成为了布吉斯文明的全球贸易中心，并生产了一些具有潜在文化遗产价值的工艺品，这些工艺品在20世纪与荷兰的战争中遭到破坏。这些文物，包括伊斯兰建筑、城市基础设施和Wajo王国重要人物的坟墓，如果管理不当，可能会消失。本研究旨在绘制Tosora的物质和非物质历史产品的地图，以实现其空间实现，从而帮助促进旅游业。我们绘制了该地区的自然发展地图，特别是其文化遗产和活动的元素，以揭示有关Wajo王国的历史事实。我们使用了基于多种方法的定性方法，从用于连接活动的基于gis的空间分析到用于分析城市形态元素的共时性和历时性阅读技术，以研究Tosora的发展。研究发现，Tosora城市的空间演变与15世纪以来的历史进程有关，并基于影响城市物理形态的非物质力量。17世纪，政府中心从Wajo-Wajo转移到Tosora，20世纪又转移到Sengkang，主要受社会、经济、政治和文化因素的影响。Wajo王国的终结反映在Tosora的职能和角色的衰弱上。
Abstract:Between the 15th and the 20th centuries, Tosora was a small city in the Wajo Kingdom. During its development, Tosora became the centre of global trade of the Bugis civilisation and produced several artefacts of potential cultural heritage value which were damaged during the war with the Dutch in the 20th century. These artefacts, which include Islamic architecture, urban infrastructure, and graves of important personages of the Wayo Kingdom, risk disappearing if they are not properly managed. This study aims to map both the physical and non-physical historical products of Tosora for their spatial realisation to aid the effort to promote tourism. We mapped the physical development of the area, especially elements of its cultural heritage and activities, to reveal historical facts about the Wajo Kingdom. We used a qualitative approach based on several methods, from GIS-based spatial analysis for connecting activities to synchronic and diachronic reading techniques for analysing elements of urban morphology to study Tosora’s development. The study found that the spatial evolution of urban Tosora was related to its historical process since the 15th century and was based on non-physical forces that influenced the physical urban form of the city. The shift of the government centre from Wajo-Wajo to Tosora in the 17th century and later to Sengkang in the 20th century was dominated by social, economic, political and cultural factors. The Wajo Kingdom’s end is reflected in the decline in Tosora’s functions and roles.
Key: Urban Tosora, Spatial, Historical, Cultural, Heritage
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