关键词：新农村主义，新农村，空间规划，农村规划原则，农村发展，可持续发展
摘 要：城市扩张和城市周边地区的盲目开发加剧了农村地区的问题。在经合组织国家中，韩国的增长率最高。随着国家高度城市化，居住在农村地区的人数急剧减少。2018年，根据经合组织对进入城市的地区定义，只有11%的韩国人生活在农村地区。农村的吸引力和多功能价值在当代社会变得更加重要。最近，伴随着全球化、后生产主义和要求苛刻的乡村旅游，农村地区出现了新的规划原则。本研究探讨了新乡村主义的含义，并追溯了新乡村主义对于乡村规划原则的产生。此外，研究还确定了通过新农村主义实现农村未来愿景的内容。研究综述主要集中在学术研究论文中关于新农村主义的论述。通过谷歌Scholar搜索“新农村”、“新农村”、“新农村主义”和“新农村主义”四个关键词检索文献。搜索产生了128份文献，随后对这些文献进行了筛选，以确定它们与本研究的目的是否相关。经过筛选，只有44份出版物被发现适合纳入最终分析。按年份、研究领域和课题对44篇文献进行了分析。通过内容分析，发现了新乡村主义理念的四个特征。它们是“保护”、“培育”、“社区”和“创造力”。这体现了新乡村主义在乡村环境中享受城市便利的同时，以新科技创新创造空间的乡村规划原则。最后，本研究探讨了新乡村主义作为一种新的空间规划原则在韩国应用的一些启示。
Abstract:Urban sprawl and the reckless development of the peri-urban area exacerbated problems in rural areas. Korea experienced the fastest growth among the other OECD countries. As the country became highly urbanized, the number of people residing in rural regions decreased drastically. In 2018, based on the OECD’s regional definition of access to cities, only 11% of Korean people live in rural areas. The attractiveness of rural areas and multifunctional values have become more important in contemporary society. Recently, new planning principles in rural areas have emerged in conjunction with globalization, post-productivism, and demanding rural tourism. This study explores the meaning of New ruralism and traces the emergence of New ruralism for rural planning principles. In addition, the study identifies the contents of the future vision of rural areas to be achieved through New ruralism. The study review focuses on the discourse about New ruralism in academic research papers. Literature was retrieved by searching on Google Scholar using the four keywords ‘new rurality’, ‘neo-rurality’, ‘new ruralism’, and ‘neo-ruralism’. The search yielded 128 documents, which were thereafter screened for relevance to this study’s purpose. After sifting, only 44 publications were found suitable for inclusion in the final analysis. Forty-four pieces of literature were analyzed by year, research area and subject. Four features from the New ruralism concept were found through content analysis. Those are ‘Conservation’, ‘Cultivation’, ‘Community’ and ‘Creativity’. This presents the rural planning principle of a creative space with new technological innovation while allowing New ruralism to enjoy urban convenience in a rural environment. In the end, the study discussed some implications on the application of New ruralism to Korea as a new spatial planning principle.
Key: New ruralism, new rurality, spatial planning, rural planning principle, rural development, sustainable development
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